The difference between high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables and their application fields

In modern society, cables play an indispensable role as an important tool for power transmission and information transmission.

Among them, high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables are two common types of cables, and they have obvious differences in structure, application scenarios and voltage.

This article will explore the difference between high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables in depth, and use examples to show readers the application fields of both.

Structural differences

High-voltage cables are usually composed of multiple layers of insulating materials and conductive materials, including conductors, insulation layers, shielding layers and sheaths. The conductor is the main body of power transmission, generally made of copper or aluminum, and it can withstand higher voltages.

The insulation layer plays the role of isolating the conductor from the external environment to prevent current leakage and loss.

The shielding layer is used to reduce electromagnetic interference and improve the signal transmission quality of the cable. The sheath protects the entire cable and enhances its endurance and ability to resist external environmental factors.

Low-voltage cables are relatively simple and are generally composed of conductors, insulation layers and sheaths.

Compared with high-voltage cables, the conductors of low-voltage cables are usually made of copper or aluminum, but the cross-sectional area of the conductor is smaller.

The role of the insulation layer is similar to that of high-voltage cables, which plays an isolation role and prevents current leakage. The sheath is used to protect the cable and improve its wear resistance and resistance to external environmental factors.

Voltage level

Low-voltage cables are mainly used to transmit electrical energy below 1kv. High-voltage cables refer to cables with a rated voltage greater than 35kv, which are mainly used for power transmission in power grids.

Low-voltage cables are suitable for electrical appliance connections, indoor lighting and other fields.

Production process

Low-voltage cables can be manufactured using ordinary polyvinyl chloride and cross-linked polyethylene, which are different from ordinary ones. Medium and high-voltage cables can only be manufactured using cross-linked cables. In cables from 6kv to 35kv, three-layer co-extrusion and high-density cross-linked polyethylene production processes are often used.

The thickness of the insulation layer of low-voltage cables and high-voltage cables is also different.

For example:

Take household wires as an example, it is a typical low-voltage cable. The conductor of household wires is generally made of copper, which has good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity and can safely transmit low-voltage electrical energy.

The insulation layer uses materials such as polyxenon ethylene (PVC) and XLPE to effectively isolate the conductor from the external environment and reduce the risk of current leakage.

The sheath of household wires is generally made of PVC material, which has good wear resistance and fire resistance.

High-voltage cables are mainly used in power transmission and industrial fields. For example, in transmission lines, high-voltage cables can withstand higher voltages and currents to ensure the stability of long-distance power transmission.

In addition, in the industrial field, high-voltage cables are often used in scenarios such as motor drive and inverter control to support the operation of high-power equipment.

By comparing and analyzing the structure and application fields of high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables, it can be concluded that they have obvious differences in voltage, structure and application.

In practical applications, it is very important to choose the right type of cable to ensure the safety and reliability of power transmission and information transmission.

There are obvious differences between high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables in structure and application fields. Understanding their characteristics and application scenarios can help us better select and use cables in actual life and work to ensure the efficient operation of power transmission and information transmission.

At the same time, in the process of using cables, we should pay attention to safety issues, avoid circuit short circuits and cable damage, and ensure the safety of people and property.